Continuous laser cleaning, while efficient for large-scale rust removal, often introduces excessive heat input, leading to substrate damage and inconsistent surface quality. To address these limitations, this study proposes a novel magnetic field-assisted continuous laser cleaning (MLC) technique for steel rust removal. The results demonstrate that the applied external magnetic field significantly enhances laser energy utilization efficiency. Compared with conventional continuous laser cleaning, MLC achieves greater cleaning depth, lower surface roughness, and improved surface microhardness and wear resistance. Mechanistic analysis reveals that the magnetic field alters the spatial distribution of the induced plasma, attenuating the plasma shielding effect along the laser axis and thereby increasing the effective energy density on the workpiece surface. Furthermore, the Lorentz force generated by the magnetic field promotes more uniform molten pool flow, mitigates heat accumulation, and suppresses the formation of secondary rough interfaces, resulting in a smoother and cleaner surface. This technique effectively enhances the mechanical properties of the cleaned substrate. Given its efficiency, superior quality, and controllability, the developed MLC method, backed by independent intellectual property, is particularly suitable for the rapid pretreatment and maintenance of large-area critical components, offering a promising new solution for the rapid maintenance of military assets and defense equipment. • A novel method for MLC (Magnetic field-assisted continuous Laser Cleaning) has been proposed and validated. • A model for MLC was developed to simulate and analyze variations in temperature distribution and cleaning depth. • Investigated the influence of the magnetic field on cleaning efficiency, surface quality, and mechanical properties during continuous laser cleaning. • A magnetic field of 100 mT enhanced surface quality during continuous laser cleaning and improved cleaning efficiency. • The mechanism by which a magnetic field enhances the rust layer on Q235B carbon steel during continuous laser cleaning has been clarified.
Luo et al. (Sun,) studied this question.