For these Irish gay men, risk is embodied, affective, and culturally scripted, not merely probabilistic. Services may benefit from moving beyond behaviour checklists towards stigma-aware, shared decision-making that surfaces affective/cultural drivers, alongside outcome measurement that includes emotional safety and communication confidence. Transferability is bounded (Irish, HIV-negative participants), but insights may inform psychologically attuned sexual health practice.
Field et al. (Fri,) studied this question.