Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and poor prognosis digestive malignant tumors with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Aerobic glycolysis, also known as the Warburg effect, is a hallmark of cancer metabolism and plays a pivotal role in the genesis, development, metastasis and drug resistance of HCC. Exosomes are nanoscale membrane vesicles secreted by cells and widely found in various body fluids, capable of carrying a variety of bioactive molecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc, and mediating intercellular communication. Increasing evidence indicates that exosomes regulate metabolic reprogramming in HCC by transferring specific bioactive molecules or modulating key signaling pathways. Through these mechanisms, exosomes influence the expression and activity of glycolysis-related enzymes, ultimately affecting the proliferation, invasion, migration, and chemosensitivity of HCC cells. This review focuses on the exosome-mediated regulation of aerobic glycolysis in HCC and highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting exosome-mediated metabolic pathways, offering new perspectives for combination treatment strategies in HCC. Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, aerobic glycolysis, exosomes, tumor microenvironment, combination therapy
Zang et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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