This paper presents a novel augmented reality haptic feedback system that combines real-time finite element simulations, fast visualization techniques, and haptic feedback devices. To achieve real-time computations, a reduced-order modeling technique using proper orthogonal decomposition with interpolation and radial basis functions is employed. A multiresolution meshing technique that dynamically places local fine meshes on a global coarse mesh is used to quickly visualize finite element results. Additionally, finite element models and physical objects are accurately aligned by a marker-based AR tracking method. The force responses obtained from finite element simulations are used for haptic feedback, which allows users to physically interact with virtual objects. The augmented reality haptic feedback system is validated for indenter contact problems of a hyperelastic solid. Numerical and experimental results show that the present haptic feedback system can realize a virtual reality visualizing deformations and stresses in real time while allowing realistic interaction with a deformable body.
Lee et al. (Sat,) studied this question.