Clinical Evaluation of Respiratory Disease in Correlation to Endocrinal and Cardiovascular Imbalance

Aim: Clinical evaluation of respiratory disease in correlation to endocrinal and cardiovascular imbalance. Objective: To evaluate the clinical features and epidemiological factors of respiratory disease(lower respiratory tract infection). To evaluate the association of respiratory disease (lower respiratory tract infection) with various etiology. To study the endocrinal & cardiovascular imbalance in patients with respiratory disease (LRTI). To evaluate pulmonary complications through various respiratory, endocrinal and cardiovascular parameters. To evaluate systemic response in patients due to imbalance which might affect severity of the disease through various parameters. Material and Methods: A study was multicentric cross sectional observational type, included 66 subjects from inpatient department of multi-specialty hospitals in the area of Vastral, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. India. This study protocol was approved by the Sangini Hospital Ethics committee, Ahmedabad. Various parameters were evaluated in enrolled subjects, i.e., age, sex, etiology, co-morbidity, COVID – 19 infection, chest PA, CRP, complete blood count, spirometric value, SpO2, random blood sugar, total cholesterol level, blood pressure, electrolytes level (Na, K). All the particulars were inquired by a questionnaire containing their medical history. The Kruskal Wallis test was performed to determine whether there are statistically significant differences between groups. Graphs and tables were created using Microsoft Word and Excel (2019), GraphPad 10.2.2. Results: In this observational study, subjects of lower respiratory tract infection (N= 66), 29 (44%) subjects were lower respiratory tract infection, 18 (27%) subjects were lower respiratory tract infection with endocrinal co-morbidity, 19 (29%) subjects were lower respiratory tract infection with cardiovascular disease as co-morbidity. Among those subjects 37 subjects were infected with COVID-19 and 29 were not infected at the time of COVID pandemic. Acute bronchitis occurred in 52% Subject, pneumonia in 33%, COPD in 12% & Acute respiratory distress syndrome in 3% subjects. Nodular opacity, Pleural effusion, Broncho vascular markings and consolidation seen in the infected subjects. Fibro – calcified opacity and cardiomegaly seen in subjects with cardiovascular co-morbidity. After applying a significance level of 0.05 to the Kruskal-Wallis test on the laboratory parameters, In enrolled clinical subjects the p value obtained for CRP(0.04), WBC(0.03), neutrophil(0.04),SpO2(0.01), random blood sugar(0.0001), total cholesterol(0.005), systolic blood pressure(0.0001) and diastolic blood pressure were(0.0001) which is less than 0.05 indicating there is a significant difference in severity levels in our clinical study groups. As per my study P value for parameters like lymphocytes, platelet, FEV1/FVC ratio, creatinine, sodium and potassium were obtained more than 0.05 indicating there is no significant difference in these parameters in our clinical study groups. Conclusion: In summary, the purpose of our study was the clinical evaluation of respiratory disease in correlation to endocrinal and cardiovascular imbalance. Upon thorough examination and contrast, a number of significant conclusions have been drawn. It can be ascribed to a mix of age-related factor, lifestyle choices, healthcare access, on disease development. Various factors like age, type of infection, stress and co-morbidities affects the lung capacity. In this study, found significant difference in various endocrinal and cardiovascular parameters which is connected through etiological factors and co-morbidity of the subjects.