Purpose This study investigates the antecedent factors that enhance supply chain resilience (SCR) in transportation equipment manufacturing enterprises, with the aim of identifying key pathways to competitive advantage and sustainable development. Design/methodology/approach Utilizing the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this research analyzes data from 36 A-share listed enterprises in China from 2015 to 2023, focusing on the technological, organizational, and environmental drivers. Findings No individual condition is sufficient by itself; rather, it is the synergistic interactions that hold significance. Knowledge intensity and government subsidies are identified as core conditions. Four pathways emerge: endogenous organizational empowerment, environmental-organizational synergy, exogenous environmental drive, and technology-organization drive type. Practical implications Government subsidy policies should be dynamically aligned with evolving market conditions; (2) Corporate managers should strategically direct subsidies toward digitalization and R&D to build policy-independent and market-adaptive supply chain resilience. Social implications In today’s rapidly evolving business landscape, the supply chain, serving as the central nexus of global value chains, plays a pivotal strategic role in facilitating the cross-border allocation of production factors, optimizing industrial specialization, and ensuring efficient commodity circulation. This study aims to provide actionable insights for manufacturers in this sector to strengthen their supply chain resilience and ensure operational security. Originality/value This study provides a theoretical foundation for the practical application of enhancing supply chain resilience from a configurational perspective. Additionally, the TOE framework addresses the limitations of previous literature by uncovering the multiple causal relationships involved in achieving high supply chain resilience in transportation equipment manufacturing enterprises.
Zhao et al. (Thu,) studied this question.