Flower color variation in Digitalis purpurea : Pollination and soil influences across native and introduced populations

Key Points

• To explore the relationship between floral color variation and pollinator visitation as well as soil conditions in Digitalis purpurea.
• Analyzed floral color variation in native and introduced populations of Digitalis purpurea.
• Examined pollinator visitation rates and soil conditions across different sites.
• Conducted spatial scale assessments to evaluate environmental influences.
• Floral color variation was not significantly related to pollinator visitation rates.
• Soil conditions did not have a significant impact on color variation at the examined spatial scale.
• Results suggest that local environmental factors, historical events, or demographic processes may maintain color variation.