April 10, 2026Open Access

Structural and Electrical Pattern of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Northwestern Nigeria: A Brief Report

Key Result

Acute coronary syndrome patients in Northwestern Nigeria exhibited high rates of STEMI (60%), regional wall motion abnormalities (89.1%), and diastolic dysfunction (80%).

Key Points

This study aims to describe the electrocardiographic and echocardiographic characteristics of patients with acute coronary syndrome in Nigeria.
Conducted a hospital-based observational study of 55 acute coronary syndrome patients.
All patients underwent standard 12-lead electrocardiography and transthoracic echocardiography.
Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18.0.
Mean age of participants was 60.5 years; 61.8% were male.
ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was noted in 60% of cases.
Left atrial enlargement, left ventricular hypertrophy, and arrhythmias were prevalent in 41.8%, 36.4%, and 34.5% of patients, respectively.
Systolic dysfunction was found in 61.8%, diastolic dysfunction in 80%, and regional wall motion abnormalities in 89.1% of STEMI patients.

Structured PICO

What are the electrocardiographic and echocardiographic characteristics of patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome in Northwestern Nigeria?

Population

55 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) at a tertiary hospital in Northwestern Nigeria, mean age 60.5 ± 12.2 years, 61.8% male.

Intervention

Standard 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG) and transthoracic echocardiography (observational assessment)

Outcome

Electrocardiographic and echocardiographic characteristicssurrogate

Nigerian patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome have a high burden of structural and electrical abnormalities, including a 60% rate of STEMI and nearly 90% exhibiting regional wall motion abnormalities.

Main Result

Absolute Event Rate: 0% vs 0%

Abstract

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a significant contributor to cardiovascular mortality in Nigeria. Data describing electrocardiographic and echocardiographic characteristics of ACS in Nigeria remain limited. This study describes the electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiographic characteristics of ACS patients in a tertiary hospital in Northwestern Nigeria. Methods: A hospital-based observational study of 55 ACS patients was conducted. All participants underwent standard 12-lead ECG and transthoracic echocardiography. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18.0. Results: The mean age was 60.5 ± 12.2 years, and 61.8% were male. ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was the predominant ACS subtype (60%). Hypertension and dyslipidemia were the most common comorbidities. Among STEMI patients, anterior wall involvement was most frequent. Electrocardiographic abnormalities included left atrial enlargement (41.8%), left ventricular hypertrophy (36.4%), and arrhythmias (34.5%). Echocardiography revealed systolic dysfunction in 61.8%, diastolic dysfunction in 80%, and regional wall motion abnormalities in 89.1%. Conclusion: Nigerian ACS patients present with a high burden of electrical and structural abnormalities, alongside significant comorbidities. This underscores the need for early diagnostic assessment and aggressive management of underlying risk factors.