Background Accumulating evidence suggests that sleep disorders are strongly associated with obesity, particularly visceral adiposity. A Body Shape Index has been recognized as a more accurate anthropometric indicator for assessing overall obesity and visceral fat levels. This study aimed to explore the potential relationship between obesity and sleep disorders in a representative sample of the U.S. adult population. Methods This retrospective study involved data from 25,057 adults aged 20 years and older who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2005 and 2016. Multivariate logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline analysis, and subgroup stratification were used to analyze the association between A Body Shape Index and sleep disorders. Results Among the 25,057 participants, 6310 reported experiencing sleep disorders. After adjusting for potential confounders, the results revealed that a unit increase in A Body Shape Index was associated with a 10% higher likelihood of sleep disorders (odds ratio = 1.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.02–1.18, p < 0.05). When A Body Shape Index was categorized into tertiles, individuals in the highest tertile exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of sleep disorders compared with those in the lowest tertile (odds ratio = 1.13, 95% confidence interval: 1.04–1.23, p < 0.05). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship between A Body Shape Index and sleep disorders (p = 0.004). Additionally, subgroup analysis demonstrated a statistically significant interaction between age and A Body Shape Index categories (p < 0.05). Conclusion These findings demonstrate a positive association between A Body Shape Index and the prevalence of sleep disorders. A Body Shape Index may serve as a practical and simple anthropometric marker for identifying individuals at increased risk of sleep disorders.
Liu et al. (Wed,) studied this question.