Bone-marrow edema estimation with a microwave imaging open-ended coaxial probe array in ex vivo bovine long bones: comparison with CT

Key Points

• The aim is to evaluate microwave imaging for estimating fluid volumes in bovine long bones compared to CT.
• Utilized a 16-element open-ended coaxial probe (OECP) microwave imaging array.
• Conducted experimental characterization of OECP antenna sensitivity.
• Generated dielectric permittivity maps to estimate fluid volumes.
• Fluid volumes from microwave permittivity maps showed a significant correlation with injected reference volumes (r = 0.81).
• Demonstrated the capability of achieving spatially resolved estimation of fluid inclusions.