Gas therapy shows significant clinical promise for antimicrobial applications by effectively modulating bacterial activity and suppressing biofilm formation. Nevertheless, the limited gas release efficiency continues to pose a major challenge that compromises its therapeutic effectiveness. Here, we designed and constructed a multilayer nanocomposite (HBAC) using hollow polydopamine (HPDA) as the primary carrier for the nitric oxide (NO) donor N,N'-di-sec-butyl-N,N'-di-nitroso-p-phenylenediamine (BNN6). By grafting gold nanocages (Au NCs) onto its surface, the photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE, η) was significantly enhanced, optimizing the real-time NO release. Furthermore, leveraging the hollow structure and nanoenzyme activity of Au NCs, we encapsulated the antimicrobial agent curcumin (Cur), enabling HBAC to simultaneously activate three synergistic antibacterial modes: gene-like inhibition, photothermal therapy (PTT), and photodynamic therapy (PDT) under near-infrared laser irradiation. This multifunctional platform exhibits exceptional efficacy in suppressing the growth and biofilm formation of diverse Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including S. epider, E. coli, B. subt, and E. aero, with a bactericidal efficiency exceeding 95%. Our approach offers a promising strategy to enhance gas sterilization efficiency and accelerate the clinical translation of multimodal antimicrobial therapy.
Shi et al. (Mon,) studied this question.