What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to explore approaches to reduce toxicities associated with CAR T cell therapies while maintaining treatment effectiveness.

April 19, 2026SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología0 citationsOpen Access

CAR T cell engineering approaches to minimise toxicities

EHElizabeth HogbenKing's College - North Carolina ASAnna Schurich CGCharlotte GrahamKing's College - North Carolina

Key Points

The aim is to explore approaches to reduce toxicities associated with CAR T cell therapies while maintaining treatment effectiveness.
Review of existing literature on CAR T cell therapies and associated toxicities
Analysis of current FDA-approved CAR T cell products
Discussion of emerging strategies to mitigate toxicities during CAR T cell therapy
Identification of specific toxicities such as Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurotoxicity Syndromes
Overview of potential engineering solutions, such as safety switches and controlled activation
Emphasis on the importance of balancing cytotoxicity with safety to improve treatment outcomes for cancer patients

Abstract

For the treatment of many forms of cancer, cell- and gene-based therapies are showing promise in both pre-clinical data and clinical trials. In particular, CAR T cell therapies, of which there are now 7 FDA-approved products, have shown ground-breaking results in haematological cancers such as multiple myeloma and B cell malignancies. Recent research is also attempting to develop effective CAR T cell therapies for solid tumours, with varying success. One of the key challenges faced by CAR T cell therapy is balancing strong cytotoxic activity for an effective treatment with preventing severe and potentially lethal toxicities, such as Cytokine Release Syndrome and Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome. This mini review discusses some of the potential solutions that scientists have devised to overcome toxicities and improve existing CAR T cell therapies.

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