The One Health approach—integrating human, animal, and environmental health—offers a powerful lens for rethinking water resource management in the face of climate change. This paper explores how the Horizon 2020 project ARSINOE operationalizes One Health principles across nine diverse European case studies. Through systemic innovation and stakeholder-driven Living Labs, ARSINOE addresses complex regional challenges such as water scarcity, flood risk, agricultural pollution, and urban heat stress. Each case, from the transboundary Prespa-Ohrid Lakes to urban Athens and the agricultural land of Sardinia, reveals interdependencies between water governance, ecological integrity, and public health. The paper synthesizes insights from integrated modelling, participatory planning, and resilience assessment to highlight how local innovations contribute to broader One Health outcomes. We argue that embedding One Health into climate-resilient water governance enhances both policy coherence and system adaptability. The ARSINOE experience shows the value of co-designed, place-based strategies that bridge environmental science, public health, and community resilience. The findings offer information and perspectives that can guide and support future roadmaps for One Health integration across European regions, emphasizing the need for harmonized indicators, cross-sectoral governance, and inclusive innovation. Ultimately, this work contributes to advancing EU missions for climate adaptation, health equity, and sustainable water systems.
Kofinas et al. (Mon,) studied this question.