What question did this study set out to answer?

This analysis aims to compare the effectiveness of galcanezumab with traditional oral migraine preventive medications in a real-world setting.

April 24, 2026Advances in Therapy0 citationsOpen Access

Effectiveness of Galcanezumab and Traditional Oral Migraine Preventive Medications: Interim 3-Month Japan Subgroup Findings from the TRIUMPH Study

TTTakao Takeshima YMYasuhiko MatsumoriMiyagi University of Education DDDaisuke DannoTominaga hospital

Key Points

This analysis aims to compare the effectiveness of galcanezumab with traditional oral migraine preventive medications in a real-world setting.
Conducted a prospective, observational cohort study over 24 months with adults initiating or switching treatments.
Collected data from the Japan subgroup between September 2021 and November 2024.
Assessed primary and secondary outcomes related to migraine frequency and quality of life indicators.
Galcanezumab demonstrated a 3-month response rate of 59.4%, compared to 38.3% for traditional oral medications.
Patients on galcanezumab experienced a mean reduction of 6.2 migraine days, versus 4.2 days for those on traditional medications.
Improvements in patient-reported outcomes were numerically greater in the galcanezumab group.

Abstract

Introduction Galcanezumab, a humanized calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibody, is approved in Japan for migraine prevention, but real-world effectiveness data are limited. This analysis describes the 3-month treatment outcomes of galcanezumab and traditional oral migraine preventive medications (TOMPs) in the TReatment of mIgraine: oUtcoMes for Patients in real-world Healthcare systems (TRIUMPH) study’s Japan subgroup. Methods TRIUMPH, an international, prospective, observational, 24-month cohort study, included adults with migraine who initiated or switched to galcanezumab or TOMP. Japan subgroup data were collected from September 2021 to November 2024. Physicians decided on the treatment course in routine clinical practice. The primary outcome was achieving a clinically meaningful response at 3 months, defined as a ≥ 50% reduction in monthly migraine headache days for episodic migraine and ≥ 30% for chronic migraine. Secondary outcomes included changes in migraine headache days and patient-reported outcomes (PROs): Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS), Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6), Migraine Interictal Burden Scale-4 (MIBS-4), Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MSQv2.1), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI). Inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to adjust for baseline differences in the primary analysis. No alpha was allocated for comparative formal testing between treatment groups. Results Of 846 patients, 469 received galcanezumab and 377 received TOMPs. In the galcanezumab and TOMP groups, the 3-month weighted response rates were 59.4% and 38.3%, and the reduction in mean migraine headache days from baseline was − 6.2 95% confidence interval (CI): − 6.9, − 5.5 and − 4.2 (95% CI: − 5.0, − 3.4), respectively. Mean change at 3 months from baseline was numerically higher in the galcanezumab group than in the TOMP group for all the PROs. Conclusions Patients receiving galcanezumab had numerically greater 3-month response rates and experienced improved PROs after initiating galcanezumab. These real-world findings may help physicians make treatment decisions in clinical settings. Trial Registration EU PAS Register number—EUPAS33068.

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