Degradation-as-ignal: a digital-twin framework for disposable optical glucose sensing with lead-free perovskite-inspired films

Key Points

• To explore a digital-twin framework that utilizes degradation as a signal for optical glucose sensing.
• Developed a digital-twin model linking glucose oxidase-generated hydrogen peroxide and film degradation.
• Utilized optical decay measurements to define read-out windows for sensors.
• Applied lead-free perovskite-inspired materials in sensor construction.
• The digital-twin model effectively correlates optical decay with degradation signals.
• Lead-free films exhibited reliable performance for disposable biosensing applications.
• Defined optimal read-out windows for glucose detection based on controlled degradation.