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April 24, 2026The Journal of Beta Investment Strategies0 citations

Defined-Outcome ETFs with a Convex Payoff Profile, Part II: The Downside-to-Upside Trade-Off

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DLDing Liu

Key Points

  • This article explores the performance differences between convex and concave defined-outcome ETFs in varying market conditions.
  • Historical analysis of defined-outcome ETFs
  • Comparison of downside-to-upside performance ratios
  • Examination of trade-offs during market drawdowns and recoveries
  • Concave ETFs perform better during moderate market drawdowns and recoveries.
  • Convex ETFs excel in deep market drawdowns and recoveries.
  • Both ETF types show similar downside-to-upside performance ratios overall.

Abstract

This article is the second in a two-part series introducing a new type of defined-outcome ETF with a convex payoff profile. These ETFs are designed to offer improved performance during significant market drawdowns and recoveries compared to existing defined-outcome ETFs with a concave payoff profile. In this article, we further analyze the downside-to-upside trade-off of convex and concave defined-outcome ETFs using the downside-to-upside performance ratio. Our historical analysis shows that both concave and convex defined-outcome ETFs exhibit similar downside-to-upside performance ratios. However, concave defined-outcome ETFs offer a superior trade-off during moderate market drawdowns and recoveries, while convex defined-outcome ETFs provide a better trade-off during deep market drawdowns and recoveries. These differences stem from their distinct payoff profiles.

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Cite This Study

Ding Liu (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69eb0bc7553a5433e34b5540https://doi.org/10.3905/jbis.2026.005
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