Quad‐bundle conductors are prone to vibration, torsion, and other complex motions under wind, snow, ice, and other environmental stresses during operation. To tackle this challenge, this study proposes a motion state sensor for quad‐bundle conductors (MS‐QBC), which is structurally derived from conventional spacers and upgraded into an intelligent sensing‐integrated device conforming to smart grid development trends. The MS‐QBC integrates three triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs): a vibration‐monitoring TENG (VM‐TENG), a torsion‐monitoring TENG (TM‐TENG), and an inclination‐monitoring TENG (IM‐TENG), enabling synergistic three‐orthogonal‐dimension motion monitoring. Validation tests on a quad‐bundle conductor vibration platform show that the VM‐TENG accurately captures 1.1–18.1 Hz frequencies with <0.15 Hz error and excellent stability. The TM‐TENG, combined with an optimized pendulum structure, reliably monitors torsion angles with 5° resolution, with feasible resolution enhancement approaches explored. The IM‐TENG outputs stable electrical signals to reflect spacer inclination, facilitating judgment of subconductor tension imbalance caused by irregular icing. Finally, a quad‐bundle conductor monitoring and early‐warning system is established, providing a low‐cost, high‐strength novel solution for fault monitoring and prevention.
Liu et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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