Extended Data: PA/HAL Data Systems, Standards, Infrastructures, and Tools

Key Points

• To provide an overview of systems, standards, and tools for data interoperability related to physical activity and healthy ageing.
• Organized reference overview across the seven layers of the interoperability stack.
• Detailed analysis of cataloguing, metadata standards, semantics, and governance mechanisms.
• Focused discussion on frameworks for data capture and study operations.
• Outlined the seven layers of the interoperability stack for effective data management.
• Highlighted the importance of semantic standards and vocabularies for data integration.
• Emphasized governance and secondary-use mechanisms for data sustainability.