BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and temporal patterns of five major sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among individuals with HIV in Jiading, Shanghai, China, from 2009 to 2024. METHODS: Data on HIV and the five targeted STIs, including Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, condyloma acuminatum (HPV), genital herpes (HSV) and genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection, were extracted from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression models were used to describe temporal patterns and identify associated factors. RESULTS: Among 1337 individuals with HIV, 24.8% (n = 367) had at least one STI diagnosis. T. pallidum was the most prevalent (63.5%), followed by HPV (20.4%), N. gonorrhoeae (9.3%), C. trachomatis (4.9%) and HSV (1.9%). Simultaneous HIV and STI diagnoses accounted for 41.1% of cases, and STI before HIV accounted for 39.8%. In multivariable analysis, homosexual transmission was associated with higher odds of STI diagnosis compared with heterosexual transmission (aOR 1.55; 95% CI: 1.11-2.17). Individuals diagnosed in hospitals also had higher odds of STI detection than those diagnosed in voluntary counseling and testing clinics (aOR 2.00; 95% CI: 1.49-2.68). CONCLUSIONS: Syphilis and HPV are highly prevalent among individuals with HIV, and frequently occur before or concurrently with HIV diagnosis. Low detection rates of N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis and HSV likely reflect asymptomatic infections and underscreening. These findings underscore the need for routine and integrated HIV and STI screening, as well as targeted prevention strategies to reduce the syndemic burden of HIV and STIs.
Zhang et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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