his work presents a pilot statistical analysis of the relationship between morphological features and the Abundance Discrepancy Factor (ADF) in planetary nebulae. Using a sample of 20 objects, we apply multiple linear regression to log-transformed ADF values and identify a statistically significant association between small-scale substructures (knots) and elevated ADF. The results suggest that morphological complexity may serve as an empirical proxy for chemical inhomogeneities. Due to the limited sample size, the findings are preliminary and require validation on larger, unbiased datasets.
Oleksandr Olegovich Kurmanсhuk (Sat,) studied this question.