ABSTRACT In recent years, the dynamism of landscapes has drawn attention to scientific investigation, with geomorphological, sedimentological, hydrogeological, and erosion‐based analyses conducted on a global scale. This study examines the geomorphological evolution of the Satluj Valley, Northwestern Himalaya, employing morphometric parameters comprising the stream length gradient index (SL‐Index), steepness index (Ksn), hypsometric analysis, valley‐floor width‐to‐height ratio (Vf), and Chi analysis ( χ ), knickpoint analysis and field investigations. Results reveal significantly elevated SL‐Index and Ksn values (> 2000) in conjunction with low Vf ratios (< 1) near prominent tectonic discontinuities, that is, the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT), Main Central Thrust (MCT) and South Tibetan Detachment System (STDs). Basin hypsometry suggests a youth to mature stage, reflecting tectonic and erosional control on sediment mobility and valley evolution. Dynamic tectonics and landscape instability in the Satluj Valley are indicated by geomorphic features such as dammed‐lake deposits, river ponding, deep gorges, high relief, fault scarps and widespread landslides. Terrestrial data link denudation rates, exhumation ages, and channel steepness along structural discontinuities to comprehend landscape evolution. The present findings highlight the evolving regional landscape and enhanced tectonic disturbances affecting the drainage network of the Satluj River basin. Widespread landslides on the valley's steep slopes trigger drainage migration and sediment movement, which form hanging paleolake topography, deep gorges, strath terraces, and kilometre‐scale debris fans. The enhanced erosion rates generate complex multi‐hazard conditions in the valley. The geomorphological framework of the Satluj Valley emphasises that the coupling of tectonic activity and climatic forces is responsible in shaping the valley's topography.
Shahrukh et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: