nanoprobes, key imaging features were successfully identified, including impaired hepatic metabolic capacity with prolonged contrast retention, hypoxia-induced neovascularization, and biliary tract lesions progressing from intermediate reactive hyperplasia to advanced cholangiocarcinoma. This multiparameter MRI approach provides noninvasive, high-resolution insights into hepatic metabolic dysfunction, vascular remodeling, and biliary pathology, offering a powerful tool for early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of T2DM-associated liver complications.
He et al. (2026) studied this question.