= 0.85) with a negative exponent. As screw stability increased, the pull-out force rose while the IBAM indicator decreased, demonstrating complementary sensitivity to bone-implant interface changes. While results are promising, the simplified experimental design limited the ability to fully capture bone-implant interaction complexity. Future studies should aim to validate IBAM in vivo to confirm its clinical applicability.
Gabriel et al. (Thu,) studied this question.