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May 10, 20260 citationsOpen Access

Foreign Physicians Interned at the Miranda de Ebro “campo de concentración” in Francoist Spain

EGEsther Cuerda Galindo

Key Points

  • The paper aims to investigate the experiences of foreign physicians interned at the Miranda de Ebro concentration camp during Francoist Spain.
  • Analysis of historical documents and accounts regarding foreign doctors in Spain during World War II.
  • Examination of the political context surrounding the treatment of foreign and Spanish doctors.
  • Comparison of the actions taken by Spanish authorities toward different groups of doctors.
  • Spain inconsistently supported its 'national' doctors while protecting foreign doctors fleeing the Nazis.
  • Spanish doctors joined forces with the Nazis while diplomats worked to save Jewish physicians from extermination.
  • The study illustrates the paradoxical role Spain played during WWII, reflecting a complex moral landscape.

Abstract

The paper examines the role and fate of foreign doctors who were interned in the Spanish concentration camp Miranda de Ebro. It shows that Spain played an unstable and paradoxical role during World War II: While it took action against some Spanish doctors who had not supported the “national” side during the Spanish Civil War, it allowed other foreign doctors who had fled the Nazis to seek refuge on Spanish territory. While Spanish doctors fought as volunteers under the Nazi flag in the service of the German army in the war against the Soviet Union, Spanish diplomats abroad rescued Jewish doctors from deportation to extermination camps.

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Cite This Study

Esther Cuerda Galindo (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a00205ec8f74e3340f9b426https://doi.org/10.26164/leopoldina_10_01407
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  5. 5Health Organization of the German Army during the First Half of the 20th Century2026