Global variations in kidney cancer incidence based on recorded cancer registry data

Kidney cancer incidence varies substantially across world regions, influenced by risk factors and diagnostic intensity. Using CI5-XII, which includes high-quality data from 460 population-based cancer registries in 65 countries (2013 to 2017), we analysed kidney cancer incidence (ICD-10 C64) across 533 populations. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASR) were calculated using the Segi-Doll World Standard. ASRs ranged from 0.5 to 29.5 per 100,000 in men and from 0.5 to 16.8 in women, with the highest rates observed in North America and Eastern Europe, particularly among American Indian/Alaska Native and Black individuals, and in Northwest Russia. The lowest rates were observed in Asian and African registries, as well as in Asian and Pacific Islander Individuals in the United States. Male-to-female ratios clustered around two. Further detailed analysis of possible determinants, including structural factors, is needed to explain the wide inter- and intra-regional variability in kidney cancer incidence.