A 7-day high-calorie high-fat diet in healthy adults blunted meal-induced adipose tissue microvascular blood flow (post-intervention increase p=0.231 vs pre-intervention p=0.002).
Does a 7-day high-calorie high-fat diet impair meal-stimulated adipose tissue microvascular blood flow in healthy adults?
Acute overfeeding with a high-calorie high-fat diet rapidly impairs meal-induced adipose tissue microvascular blood flow in healthy adults before any changes in adiposity occur.
Subcutaneous adipose tissue microvascular blood flow (MBF) increases in response to insulin or a meal, with gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) being a proposed mechanism. This vascular response is blunted in people with insulin resistance, obesity and type 2 diabetes. The blunted MBF response is implicated in reduced nutrient delivery and increased chronic disease risk. Recently we have shown that acute overfeeding causes hyperinsulinemia and impairs meal-induced skeletal muscle MBF in healthy people without inducing adiposity. But it is not known if acute overfeeding impacts adipose tissue MBF and plasma GIP concentrations. We studied the impact of a 7-day high-calorie high-fat (HCHF) diet intervention on body composition, post-prandial plasma GIP concentrations and truncal subcutaneous adipose tissue MBF responses to a mixed meal challenge (MMC) in healthy adults (n=14). Experimental procedures were performed on day 0 (pre), 4 (mid) and 8 (post-intervention). Seven days of HCHF diet intervention did not change total, trunk, gynoid, android or visceral fat. Adipose tissue MBF increased above baseline at 60 min following the MMC at pre- (p=0.002) and mid-intervention (p=0.007), and but not at post-intervention (p = 0.231). Plasma GIP concentrations significantly increased at all timepoints (all p<0.001) from 0 to 120 min following the MMC with no differences between pre- and post-intervention. In conclusion, acute overfeeding in healthy individuals leads to a blunting of meal-induced adipose tissue MBF without changes in adiposity or changes in plasma GIP. Future studies should investigate other potential mechanisms behind the HCHF diet-induced vascular impairments to prevent chronic disease risk.
Brayner et al. (Thu,) conducted a other in Healthy (n=14). High-calorie high-fat (HCHF) diet vs. Baseline (pre-intervention) was evaluated on Truncal subcutaneous adipose tissue microvascular blood flow (MBF) responses to a mixed meal challenge. A 7-day high-calorie high-fat diet in healthy adults blunted meal-induced adipose tissue microvascular blood flow (post-intervention increase p=0.231 vs pre-intervention p=0.002).