Cross-sectional study shows pre-existing immunity enhances antibody responses in diverse population, indicating potential vaccination strategies.
Key Points
This research aims to evaluate how pre-existing immunity against seasonal coronaviruses affects the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
Conducted a cross-sectional study with 1,804 participants from August 2020 to August 2023.
Quantified IgG titers against seasonal coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 using electrochemiluminescent immunoassay.
Performed paired analysis in a subset of participants before and after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
Participants with high baseline HCoV-HKU1 IgG titers had a post-vaccination anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG response of 111,384 (AU/mL) compared to 54,610 for those with low titers (P=0.03).
Participants with high baseline HCoV-OC43 titers had a post-vaccination response of 113,279 (AU/mL) versus 50,099 in low-titer individuals (P=0.015).
Baseline HCoV-HKU1 and -OC43 IgG titers were independently associated with post-vaccination anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG levels (β=110,592 and 108,855, P=0.020 and 0.028).