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Purpose: This study examines the efficiency and proof-of-concept use of a generative artificial intelligence (AI) documentation prototype, evaluating whether it can produce usable notes and estimating its potential time advantage compared with physician-produced documentation in an orthopedic practice. Methods: A comparative study analyzed AI-generated documentation versus physician-generated documentation of 68 new patient encounters with a board-certified hand surgeon, including surgical and nonsurgical patients presenting for evaluation of upper-extremity conditions. AI-generated documentation was created using unedited audiorecordings of encounters containing no identifiable patient information that were processed by standardized ChatGPT prompts. A senior resident (PGY-5) categorized all visits as minimal, low, or moderate complexity using the Centers for Medicare complexity-stratified findings should be interpreted as exploratory because of sample size. Critical errors resulting in incomprehensible or erroneous content were identified in six (8.8%) AI-generated documents. Conclusions: This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that AI can produce clinically usable notes across varying encounter complexities and that physician editing of AI-generated documentation is faster than independent documentation. Although human oversight remains essential, AI-assisted documentation has substantial potential to improve workflow efficiency. Level of evidence: IV.
Doss et al. (Tue,) studied this question.