What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate the effects of guaiane sesquiterpenoids from Ambrosia trifida on inflammatory bowel disease through JAK2/STAT3 signaling.

May 21, 2026Scientific Reports0 citationsOpen Access

Effects of guaiane sesquiterpenoids from the invasive species Ambrosia trifida on inflammatory bowel disease by targeting JAK2/STAT3 signaling

JPJisu ParkChungnam National University EKEun‐Nam KimChungnam National University SCSangil ChoiKorea Atomic Energy Research Institute

Key Points

To evaluate the effects of guaiane sesquiterpenoids from Ambrosia trifida on inflammatory bowel disease through JAK2/STAT3 signaling.
Phytochemical investigation of Ambrosia trifida leading to isolation of compounds 1, 2, and 3.
Utilized spectroscopic methods (NMR, HRMS) for structure elucidation.
Conducted network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses on Caco-2 cells.
Compound 2 showed significant anti-inflammatory activity and tight junction regulation targeting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
Compound 3 was found inactive, highlighting the importance of stereochemistry at C-1 and C-10.
The findings support the potential therapeutic uses of guaiane sesquiterpenoids for IBD treatment.

Abstract

Ambrosia trifida, known worldwide as an invasive species, threatens agriculture and ecosystems and causes severe allergic reactions in humans. As part of the effort to valorize this harmful plant, a phytochemical investigation of A. trifida led to the isolation of one new guaiane sesquiterpenoid (1S,7R,10R)-10,11-dihydroxy-4-guaien-3-one (1), together with two diastereomers (2 and 3). Their structures were elucidated using various spectroscopic methods, including NMR, HRMS, optical rotation, and ECD calculations. (1S,7R,10R)-11-Hydroxy-4-guaien-3-one (2) was isolated for the first time from nature. Its (1R,7R,10S)-diastereomer (3) has not been previously reported in the Compositae family. Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses, the effects of 1-3 on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were examined. Among the isolates, only 2 exhibited anti-inflammatory and tight junction regulatory activities by targeting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in Caco-2 cells. In contrast, its diastereomer 3 was inactive, indicating that the stereochemical configuration at C-1 and C-10 plays a critical role in biological activity. This study suggests that guaiane sesquiterpenoids may be useful for the treatment of IBD, and the findings serve as a basis for a wide range of applications of this invasive plant as a useful resource.

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