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Synapse
June 1, 2026Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine0 citations

Methodological limitations and conflicts of interest in spinal cord stimulation research impair trustworthiness

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JDJoanna DiongKNKamila NavarroATAdrian Traeger

Key Points

  • This research aims to identify and discuss the methodological limitations and conflicts of interest in spinal cord stimulation studies.
  • Conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of spinal cord stimulation research.
  • Analyzed multiple studies for consistency and quality based on a predefined PROSPERO protocol.
  • Examined the influence of conflicts of interest on reported outcomes.
  • Identified significant methodological limitations that compromise study reliability.
  • Highlighted conflicts of interest present in many of the reviewed studies, impacting trustworthiness.
  • Concluded that these issues diminish the credibility of current spinal cord stimulation research findings.

Abstract

We write as concerned researchers in neurostimulation and evidence synthesis. This is now the third systematic review and meta-analysis from this group on near-identical research questions,1 21 all referencing the same PROSPERO systematic review protocol, in which the authors have known

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Cite This Study

Diong et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1d216202fbce9130637673https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2026-107971
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Network Meta-analysis and Economic Evaluation of Neurostimulation Interventions for Chronic Nonsurgical Refractory Back Pain2024 · 20 citations
  2. 2Spinal cord stimulation patterns of care, re‐interventions, and costs for private health insurers, Australia, 2011–22: a retrospective observational study2025 · 5 citations
  3. 3Systematic review and meta-analysis of conventional medical management in a patient population with refractory chronic pain suitable to receive a spinal cord stimulation system2025 · 9 citations
  4. 4Spinal cord stimulation in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy: A multicentre randomized clinical trial2014 · 288 citations
  5. 5Spinal cord stimulation versus conventional medical management for neuropathic pain: A multicentre randomised controlled trial in patients with failed back surgery syndrome2007 · 1,190 citations