Maternal well-controlled type I diabetes was associated with significant augmentation of fetal interventricular septal thickness, but did not affect fetal cardiac function compared to controls.
Observational
Does well-controlled maternal type I diabetes affect fetal cardiac development and performance compared to normal pregnancies?
Well-controlled maternal type I diabetes is associated with progressive, mild fetal myocardial thickening that does not impair fetal cardiac function.
OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of well-controlled, uncomplicated maternal diabetes on fetal cardiac development and performance. METHODS: The following variables were studied in 45 fetuses of type I diabetic women by means of mid- and late-trimester echocardiography: interventricular septal thickness; aortic and pulmonary valve diameters; peak and time-to-peak flow velocity of the great arteries; the ratio between peak velocities during early (E) and late (A) ventricular filling at the level of the atrioventricular values; ventricular fractional shortenings; and output. The findings were compared to age-matched control groups of normal fetuses. RESULTS: A significant augmentation of interventricular septal thickness was demonstrated for mid-trimester fetuses of diabetic women, which progressed further towards the end of pregnancy. However, the indices of diastolic and systolic function remained comparable between the gestational age-matched groups. CONCLUSION: Progressive myocardial thickening occurs commonly in mid- and late-trimester fetuses of uncomplicated and well-controlled diabetic pregnancies. The observed degree of hypertrophy is generally mild and does not affect age-related changes in fetal cardiac function.
Jaeggi et al. (2001) conducted an observational in Maternal type I diabetes. Maternal type I diabetes vs. Age-matched normal fetuses was evaluated on Fetal cardiac development and performance (interventricular septal thickness, valve diameters, flow velocities, fractional shortenings, output). Maternal well-controlled type I diabetes was associated with significant augmentation of fetal interventricular septal thickness, but did not affect fetal cardiac function compared to controls.
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