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This paper presents a novel fast frequency and voltage regulation method for battery energy storage system (BESS) based on the amplitude-phase-locked-loop (APLL). In the proposed method, the primary frequency regulation and inertia emulating control are designed based on grid frequency deviation (f) and its differential (df/dt) signals detected by APLL, avoiding complicated and sensitive differential operation to get better dynamic support performance. Moreover, unlike the traditional voltage control only using grid voltage deviation (V), the proposed method also uses the voltage differential control (dV/dt -control) to improve dynamic performance of traditional voltage control and behaviors of grid voltage based on the dV/dt signal from APLL. Finally, simulations and experiments are implemented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed APLL-based BESS on improving the dynamic behaviors of grid frequency and voltage.
Shang et al. (2021) studied this question.