For agricultural films, spectral matching, UV protection, and environmental durability are essential for efficient crop production. A self-cleaning silane-crosslinked red/blue dual-emission carbon dot/polyvinyl alcohol composite film (KH/RB-CQDs/PVA) was fabricated via a covalent anchoring strategy. RB-CQDs were synthesized by a two-step hydrothermal method using o-phenylenediamine: initial blue-emitting carbon cores formed, then phosphoric acid-assisted secondary treatment covalently bridged residual precursor-derived red fluorophores onto cores through pyrophosphate bonds, as evidenced by TEM, XPS, 31P NMR, HPLC-MS and DFT. This rigid bridging suppressed excessive core growth and energy transfer while spatially separating dual emission, endowing excellent photostability (>95% fluorescence retention after 50 min UV and 30 d storage). Subsequently, KH-560 was employed to construct a robust covalent crosslinked network anchoring RB-CQDs in PVA and forming rough Si-O-Si surface structures, confirmed by SEM and XPS. The resulting film exhibited 16.16% quantum yield, 291% tensile strength enhancement, 95% UV shielding, and <1% contaminant residue. Chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics, gas-exchange analyses, and photosynthetic response curves demonstrated that KH/RB-CQDs/PVA increased the potato net photosynthetic rate by 55.46% and tuber yield by 76% through synergistic optimization of photosystem II electron transport and RuBisCO-mediated carbon assimilation. This work provides a molecular design principle for high-performance intelligent agricultural films.
Ye et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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