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BACKGROUND adjustment for the number of maternally reported infections in the child in 2 large sub-cohorts decreased the association slightly (pooled odds ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 0.98-1.39). CONCLUSION: In a nationwide study of children in Denmark and Norway, we found exposure to systemic antibiotics in the first year of life to be associated with a later diagnosis of celiac disease. These findings indicate that childhood exposure to systemic antibiotics could be a risk factor for celiac disease.
Sander et al. (Sat,) studied this question.