Abstract This study presents an extended investigation of turbulent flow past a sphere at a Reynolds number of Re = 1.6 ×104 using scale-resolving simulation (SRS) techniques. The first part of the work focuses on detailed numerical analysis of the flow physics employing the Partially Averaged Navier-Stokes (PANS) methodology derived from the k–ω Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) formulation. Four resolution levels, characterized by the unresolved-to-total kinetic energy ratio (fk = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5), were computed to examine wake development and near-wall turbulence characteristics. The resulting flow fields were analyzed through comparative visualization and spectral analysis to characterize the dominant coherent structures. The second part of the study introduces a reduced-order modeling (ROM) framework to extract and represent the principal dynamical features of the wake. Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is applied to identify energetically significant modes associated with the dominant instability mechanisms. A DMD is utilized to retain primary vortex shedding and Kelvin-Helmholtz motions. The combined high-fidelity simulations and data-driven decomposition provide insight into the multi-scale dynamics of sphere wakes and demonstrate the capability of hybrid-scale resolving and reduced-order modeling strategies for complex turbulent flows.
Jeong et al. (Mon,) studied this question.