The 2021 ESC Guidelines provide comprehensive recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure.
Developed by the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology.(ESC) With the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC.
McDonagh et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: