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BACKGROUND: Orthognathic surgery has undergone a paradigm shift with the integration of digital technologies, moving from traditional methods reliant on 2D radiographs and manual model surgery to modern virtual surgical planning (VSP). METHODS: This narrative review contrasts these approaches and highlights the transformative impact of VSP, which utilises 3D imaging, computer-aided simulations and 3D-printed surgical guides. RESULTS: VSP enhances the accuracy of skeletal repositioning, reduces intraoperative uncertainty through preoperative virtual rehearsals, and fosters interdisciplinary collaboration. VSP provides realistic outcome visualisations for patients, establishing it as a crucial development of contemporary orthognathic practice that optimises both functional and aesthetic outcomes. CONCLUSION: VSP can significantly improve both the efficacy and accuracy of orthognathic surgery. It improves surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction. VSP serves as an important game-changer in orthognathic surgery and brings further breakthroughs in the field.
Li et al. (Fri,) studied this question.