July 17, 2018Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine110 citationsOpen Access
Access Sites for TAVI: Patient Selection Criteria, Technical Aspects, and Outcomes
Key Result
While trans-femoral access is the preferred route for TAVI, alternative access sites such as trans-axillary, trans-aortic, and trans-apical provide viable options with procedural success rates generally exceeding 90%.
Structured PICO
P
Population
Elderly patients with severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis at high or intermediate surgical risk undergoing TAVI.
I
Intervention
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) via alternative access routes (trans-axillary, trans-aortic, trans-apical, trans-carotid, trans-septal, and trans-caval)
This review provides a concise overview of alternative vascular access sites for TAVI when the transfemoral approach is precluded.
Limitations
- No randomized head-to-head comparisons between different access options are available.
Abstract
During the last ten years, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become a reliable and valid alternative treatment for elderly patients with severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis requiring valve replacement and being at high or intermediate surgical risk. While common femoral arteries are the access site of choice in the vast majority of TAVI patients, in up to 15-20% of TAVI candidates this route might be precluded due to the presence of diffuse atherosclerotic disease, tortuosity or small vessel diameter. Therefore, in order to achieve an antegrade or retrograde implant, several alterative access routes have been described, namely trans-axillary, trans-aortic, trans-apical, trans-carotid, trans-septal, and trans-caval. The aim of this paper is to give a concise overview on vascular access sites for TAVI, with a particular focus on patient's selection criteria, imaging, technical aspects, and clinical outcome.