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The infinitesimal stability of a spherical vesicle (closed membrane) is studied as a function of the pressure difference between the outer and inner media. It is found that above some threshold pressure the spherical vesicle can be deformed into a shape associated with lth-order spherical harmonics. The comparison with numerical examples calculated previously by Deuling and Helfrich shows good agreement. Some applications to red blood cells are discussed.
Zhong-can et al. (Mon,) studied this question.