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The two main strategies of gold-catalysed oxidative cyclisation are discussed in this tutorial. The first one employs nucleophilic oxidants as either internal or external nucleophiles. The inherently weak O-heteroatom bond in the oxidant enables the versatile reactivities of the initial gold-promoted adduct of the oxidant to alkyne, including its fragmentation into a highly reactive α-oxo gold carbene intermediate. The second features external oxidant-powered Au(i)/Au(iii) catalysis, where the metal oxidation state changes during the catalytic cycle. These strategies have been applied toward the development of a variety of valuable synthetic transformations.
Zheng et al. (Fri,) studied this question.