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Water electrolysis, a traditional and highly technology, is gaining significant attention due to the growing demand for renewable energy resources. It stands as a promising solution for energy conversion, offer substantial benefits in environmental protection and sustainable development efforts. The aim of this research is to provide a concise review of the current state-of-the-art in the field of water electrolysis, focusing on the principles of water splitting fundamental, recent advancements in catalytic materials, various advanced characterization methods and emerging electrolysis technology improvements. Moreover, the paper delves into the development trends of catalysts engineering for water electrolysis, providing insight on how to enhance the catalytic performance. With the advancement of technology and the reduction of costs, hydrogen production through water electrolysis is expected to assume a more significant role in future energy ecosystem. This paper not only synthesizes existing knowledge but also highlights emerging opportunities and potential advancements in this field, offering a clear roadmap for further research and innovation.
Liu et al. (Mon,) studied this question.