Justification of the application of the ontological approach to the electronic document management system of the Higher Education Institution

The modern educational process is a complex system that consists of a large number of different subsystems that require an agreed generalized formal description taking into account the level of business functions, type of activity and context. The electronic document management system (EDM) is an integral part of the management process and the adoption of the necessary organizational and management decisions, which depend on the efficiency and quality of work of higher education institutions, and is also an important part of the educational process, especially in the conditions of distance learning. The development and implementation of an automated electronic document management system that integrates the business processes of higher education institutions into a single system and contributes to increasing the efficiency of work is an urgent and promising task, which is set forth by the needs of today. To a large extent, communications are implemented through the exchange of information in the form of documents of various types and purposes. Encompassing the entire set of business processes, an analysis of the functions relying on modern EDs of higher educational institutions based on the "black box" business model of the learning process and the document flow of higher education institutions taking into account external relations was carried out, which makes it possible to determine the main classes of elements of the ED system of higher educational institutions. Taking into account the organizational structure of the educational process, the main classification features of the document as the main information unit of the SED are defined. The conducted analysis of the system from the perspective of potential users draws attention to the fact that potential users of a single SED of higher education institutions have different specializations and use different terminology and conceptual apparatus. The analysis of the existing SED systems used today by Ukrainian higher education institutions shows that they do not satisfy all the necessary needs and do not represent a single integrated system, and the methods based on them do not solve existing problems due to the complexity of the SED system of higher education institutions. In order to solve the existing problems and tasks for the development of the conceptual model of the SED of higher educational institutions, the paper considers the expediency of taking as a basis the methodology, the foundation of which is the construction of the ontology of the subject area (OPr). The ontological approach allows you to systematize knowledge about the subject area, creating a basis for the development of various information systems and intelligent applications. Distinctive features of ontological models are: use of universal knowledge description tools; focus on knowledge structuring; they can be applied to plan future states of the described subject area based on the theory of possibilities and create models that are more abstract and general while maintaining the necessary completeness and accuracy at all stages of software development.