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Based on our previous work, we study the harmonic coefficient of both inclusive and diffractive azimuthal angle dependent lepton-jet correlations in the Hadron-Electron Ring Accelerator and the future electron-ion collider. Numerical calculations for inclusive and diffractive harmonics, and the ratio of harmonics in e+Au and e+p, indicate their strong discriminating power for nonsaturation models and saturation models. Additionally, we demonstrate that the t-dependent diffractive harmonics can serve as novel observables for the nuclear density profile. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
Tong et al. (Mon,) studied this question.