Harmonics of lepton-jet correlations in inclusive and diffractive scatterings

Based on our previous work, we study the harmonic coefficient of both inclusive and diffractive azimuthal angle dependent lepton-jet correlations in the Hadron-Electron Ring Accelerator and the future electron-ion collider. Numerical calculations for inclusive and diffractive harmonics, and the ratio of harmonics in <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><a:mrow><a:mi>e</a:mi><a:mo>+</a:mo><a:mi>Au</a:mi></a:mrow></a:math> and <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><c:mi>e</c:mi><c:mo>+</c:mo><c:mi>p</c:mi></c:math>, indicate their strong discriminating power for nonsaturation models and saturation models. Additionally, we demonstrate that the <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><e:mi>t</e:mi></e:math>-dependent diffractive harmonics can serve as novel observables for the nuclear density profile.