What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to develop high-selectivity sensors for detecting 6PPD in water samples using host-guest chemistry.

May 17, 2026

Rapid and Highly Selective Detection of the Tire Antioxidant 6PPD in Water Samples via Dual-Mode Fluorescent and Photoelectrochemical Sensing Based on Host–Guest Recognition

Key Points

This research aims to develop high-selectivity sensors for detecting 6PPD in water samples using host-guest chemistry.
Developed two βCD-based platforms: a fluorescence turn-on sensor and a photoelectrochemical sensor.
Assessment of detection limits at 4.13 nM and 3.19 nM respectively.
Application of sensors to quantify 6PPD in road runoff rainwater samples.
Both sensors aligned well with HPLC-MS/MS analysis results for 6PPD quantification.
Fluorescent sensor achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 4.13 nM.
Photoelectrochemical sensor exhibited enhanced selectivity with an LOD of 3.19 nM.

Abstract

= 2.11 μM). Leveraging this recognition, two βCD-based sensing platforms were developed: a fluorescence "turn-on" sensor (LOD = 4.13 nM) and a self-powered photoelectrochemical sensor with enhanced selectivity (LOD = 3.19 nM). Both sensors were successfully applied to the quantification of 6PPD in road runoff rainwater samples, yielding results in excellent agreement with those of HPLC-MS/MS analysis. This work establishes cyclodextrin host-guest chemistry as an effective recognition strategy for tire-derived contaminants and provides a practical foundation for the rapid, low-cost, and potentially field-deployable monitoring of 6PPD in environmental waters.

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