What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: Hypertension (n=5232). Intervention: Weight-adjusted waist index (WWI). Primary outcome: Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) (β 57.98, 95% CI 44.06-71.90, p=<0.001).

What does this research mean for the field?

In hypertensive patients, a 1-unit increase in weight-adjusted waist index is significantly associated with a 57.98 mm/s increase in brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, indicating a positive dose-dependent relationship with arterial stiffness across different BMI groups. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

March 17, 2023Open Access

Association between weight-adjusted waist index and arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients: The China H-type hypertension registry study

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

In hypertensive patients, a 1-unit increase in weight-adjusted waist index was significantly associated with a 57.98 mm/s increase in brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity.

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

In hypertensive patients, a 1-unit increase in weight-adjusted waist index is significantly associated with a 57.98 mm/s increase in brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, indicating a positive dose-dependent relationship with arterial stiffness across different BMI groups. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Key Result

In hypertensive patients, a 1-unit increase in weight-adjusted waist index was significantly associated with a 57.98 mm/s increase in brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=5,232)

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

Is weight-adjusted waist index associated with arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients?

Population

5232 hypertensive subjects from the China H-type Hypertension Registry Study

Intervention

Weight-adjusted waist index (WWI)

Outcome

Arterial stiffness measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV)surrogate

Weight-adjusted waist index is positively associated with arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients across different BMI groups, suggesting it may be a useful marker for vascular risk.

Main Result

Effect estimate: β 57.98 (95% CI 44.06-71.90)

p-value: p=<0.001

Limitations

Cross-sectional study design cannot prove causality.
Difficult to exclude any potential confounding effect despite multivariate correction.
The conclusion applies to the Chinese hypertensive population and may not be directly extrapolated to other populations.

Abstract

Objective Exploring the relationship between (weight-adjusted waist index) WWI and arterial stiffness (AS) in the total and different BMI populations among patients with hypertension. Methods This study enrolled 5232 hypertensive subjects, a subset of the China H-type Hypertension Registry Study. WWI was calculated as WC (cm) divided by the square root of weight (kg). Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured to determine AS. Results The mean WWI was 10.97 (0.78)cm/√kg. In multiple logistic analyses showed that there were significant dose-dependent association between WWI with baPWV in a dose-dependent manner in total population (β 57.98, 95% CI 44.06-71.90), and in different BMI group: group 1 (BMI18.5kg/m 2 ) (β 94.30, 95% CI 39.36-149.23), group 2 (18.5-23.9kg/m 2 ) (β 74.21, 95% CI 54.57-93.85), group 3 (≥24kg/m 2 ) (β 26.11, 95% CI 5.22-47.01). In stratified analysis, stronger associations between WWI and baPWV were observed in patients with higher BP or lower BMI. Sensitivity analysis by excluding patients treated with lipid-lowering agents did not change the association between WWI and baPWV. Conclusion For hypertensive patients, we found that WWI was positively associated with baPWV in different BMI groups. WWI might be considered as an intervening factor in preventing and treatment of AS, besides BP management.

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