PFUSRC-063 Photon Theory: Three-Dimensional Projection Carrier of Four-Dimensional Flow State Variables and Fundamental Energy Coupling Interface — Reinterpreting the Intrinsic Nature, Core Properties and Quantum Paradoxes from Structural Topology

The photon acts as the core connecting node of relativity, quantum mechanics, electrodynamics and cosmology, yet mainstream physics only treats its masslessness, light-speed propagation, energy quantization and wave-particle duality as empirical input axioms without topological derivation of their necessity. Within the axiomatic PFUSRC biconical topological system, this paper defines photons as instantaneous slicing projection events of global four-dimensional flow state variables on three-dimensional spacetime, which simultaneously serve as the standardized coupling interface for inter-structural energy exchange. All core quantum optical phenomena including wave-particle duality, double-slit interference, delayed choice, EPR nonlocality and vacuum virtual fluctuations are self-consistently deduced from four-to-three dimensional projection constraints without extra ad-hoc hypotheses. This paper proposes the Estimation-Avoidance-Selection anchoring mechanism to replace the stochastic superposition interpretation of Feynman path integrals, reconstructs the topological origin and dynamic stabilization mechanism of Planck’s constant, and strictly proves that Lagrangian mechanics is merely a degenerate projection limit of PFUSRC’s bicone expansion-convergence dynamics under four idealized boundary conditions, rather than a fundamental first principle. Testable experimental corollaries for high-precision quantum optical measurement are put forward at the end.