Determinants of Cholera in Selected Districts of Southeastern Part of Oromia Region, Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

The study involved 1218 individuals, 424 (34.8%) being cases and 794 (65.2%) controls. The study found that household heads with no formal education AOR: 3.65; 95% CI: 1.92-6.95 and primary education AOR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.05-3.78, households that were farmer/housewives AOR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.26-4.93, pastoralists AOR: 4.20; 95% CI: 1.73-10.20, eating raw or uncooked food AOR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.18-2.10, storing water every day AOR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.21-5.22, and a low information index AOR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.25-2.56 increase the odds of being a case compared to their counterparts. Married respondents AOR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.34-0.62, good latrine utilization AOR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.40-0.85, and very good latrine utilization AOR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.26-0.61 are associated with lower odds of cholera infection. Therefore, targeted interventions, such as improving education, sanitation, and household-level food hygiene practice, would have a significant impact on the control and prevention of cholera in the setting.