Objectives: This study aimed to enhance observer learning in high-fidelity paediatric resuscitation simulations by implementing real-time telecommunication tools, such as WhatsApp (Meta Platforms, Inc., Menlo Park, CA). Methods: Paediatric resuscitation simulation workshops were conducted in 2023 and 2025, involving 41 participants. A structured observer programme utilised WhatsApp for dynamic interaction, enabling facilitators to engage observers with targeted questions and reinforce learning. Post-workshop surveys, using a five-point Likert scale and free text, evaluated the learning experience. The data were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. Results: Both workshops achieved a 100% survey response rate. Participants unanimously agreed or strongly agreed on administration quality and learning objective achievement. Qualitative data highlighted the benefits of micro-debriefs and WhatsApp for interaction and reinforcement. However, a key challenge was multitasking between observing the simulation and engaging with WhatsApp prompts, indicating potential cognitive overload. Conclusion: Real-time telecommunication tools like WhatsApp can significantly enhance observer learning in paediatric resuscitation simulations. Careful timing and balancing digital interactions are critical to improving the educational experience and preventing cognitive overload.
Visvalingam et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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