Methodological Evaluation of Quasi-Experimental Designs in Ethiopian District Hospitals Systems for Clinical Outcome Measurement

Quasi-experimental designs have been employed to evaluate clinical outcomes in Ethiopian district hospitals, but their methodological rigor and consistency remain under scrutiny. A comprehensive search strategy was employed to identify relevant literature from PubMed, Scopus, and local databases. Studies were assessed using predefined criteria for methodological quality and adherence to quasi-experimental designs. The review identified a lack of standardised protocols in data collection and analysis across the studies, with significant variation in sample sizes and outcome measures used. While some studies reported positive clinical outcomes, their findings lacked robust statistical support due to methodological inconsistencies. Standardization of quasi-experimental designs is recommended for future research in Ethiopian district hospitals to enhance comparability and reliability of results. Treatment effect was estimated with logit (pᵢ) =₀+^ Xᵢ, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.